ART for treatment and prevention for people age 11 and older

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HealthWiki > Helping Children Live with HIV > Chapter 7: Prevention of HIV in children and mothers > ART for treatment and prevention for people age 11 and older

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In this chapter:

 

In this chapter:

• Chapter 7: Prevention of HIV in children and mothers
• How HIV spreads
• How to prevent HIV with ART
• Prevent HIV from spreading to babies
• ART for babies to prevent HIV
• ART for treatment and prevention for people age 11 and older

If you have HIV and are pregnant or breastfeeding, you can take the same ART medicines other adults take for treatment. Start as soon as you know you have HIV. Keep taking ART lifelong. If you must stop your ART, do not stop before the baby is 6 to 12 months old, and continue at least as long as you breastfeed the baby

Combination 1
Medicines	Dose	Warnings and side effects	Advantages
tenofovir (TDF)	300 mg, once a day	Can cause kidney problems	Preferred combination for pregnant and breastfeeding women and people with hepatitis B.
lamivudine (3TC)	300 mg, once a day
or
emtricitabine (FTC)	200 mg, once a day
efavirenz (EFV)	600 mg, once a day		Good combination if taking rifampicin for TB
Combination 2
Medicines	Dose	Warnings and side effects	Advantages
zidovudine (AZT)	250 to 300 mg, 2 times a day	Anemia Low white blood count	Good combination if taking rifampicin for TB.
lamivudine (3TC)	150 mg, 2 times a day, or 300 mg, once a day
efavirenz (EFV)	600 mg, once a day
Combination 3
Medicines	Dose	Warnings and side effects	Advantages
zidovudine (AZT)	250 to 300 mg, 2 times a day	Anemia Low white blood count	Good combination if taking rifampicin for TB.
lamivudine (3TC)	150 mg, 2 times a day, or 300 mg, once a day
nevirapine (NVP)	200 mg, once a day for 14 days, then 200 mg 2 times a day	Skin rash Liver problems

Combination 4
Medicines	Dose	Warnings and side effects	Advantages
tenofovir (TDF)	300 mg, once a day	Kidney problems
lamivudine (3TC)	300 mg, once a day
or
emtricitabine (FTC)	200 mg, once a day
nevirapine (NVP)	200 mg, once a day for 14 days, then 200 mg 2 times a day	Skin rash Liver problems

IMPORTANT: Many people take stavudine (d4T) instead of zidovudine (AZT) in Combinations 2 and 3. Most HIV treatment programs are trying not to use stavudine because long-term use can cause severe side effects. If you use stavudine, do not take more than 30 mg, 2 times a day.

This page was updated:27 Nov 2019