Hesperian Health Guides
Crutches
WRONG | RIGHT | ||
WARNING! Bearing weight under the arms like this can cause nerve damage that in time can lead to numbness and even paralysis of the hands. |
Teach the child to put weight on her hands, not on her armpits. full weight on hands |
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wrist drop from crutch pressure | |||
One good way to make sure the child does not hang on the crutches with her armpits is to use elbow crutches like this. |
There are many designs for underarm crutches. Here we show a few.
Contents
CRUTCHES FROM TREE BRANCHES, padded with wild kapok
WOODEN CRUTCHES
dowel 2½ cm to 3½ cm
padded top
wood screws
2½ cm if hard wood
3 cm if soft wood
piece of rubber
about ⅓ about ⅔ |
Design from Poliomeyelitis, Huckstep.
|
METAL CRUTCH
wood pole
Drill holes
¼ inch to ⅝ inch (6.5 mm to 1.6 cm) steel rod or re-bar
metal strip
Weld metal washers to rod
piece of tire
about ⅓
about ⅔ |
from Poliomeyelitis, Huckstep. |
ADJUSTABLE WOOD CRUTCH
STANDARD
LEATHER RING ELBOW CRUTCH
These crutches are easy to make and work well for children who have strong arms and hands. |
leather ring
rivets
sawed-off crutch |
A disadvantage is that if a child falls he may have trouble getting his arms out quickly. |
OTHER ELBOW CRUTCHES
STANDARD ADJUSTABLE
USING LOCAL RESOURCES
thick bamboo
bolts
bent bamboo or cane
cane wrap
bamboo
bolt
Design from Philippines
bamboo |
piece of bamboo or plastic pipe or heat and bend any piece of thick plastic
Design from PROJIMO |
Gutter crutch (âarthritis crutchâ) for children who, due to elbow pain or stiffness, cannot use straight-arm crutches. | Crutch for a child with weak elbow-straightening muscles. | |
STANDARD | USING LOCAL RESOURCES | |
adjustable |
bamboo or plastic
Bend ends of branch and bind them together
tree branch with forks |
crutch top with deep notch
padded block
loop of leather or soft, strong cloth |
These are only examples. Once you get the idea, you can invent your own. A lot of experimentation is often needed to adapt crutches for children with severe arthritis.
Canes and walking sticks
Straight poles can help a child who has difficulty with balance. | |||||
CAUTION! Use poles that are taller than child so if she falls, they will not poke her eyes. |
Canes. Simple canes provide some balance and support, but the child has to use the walking muscles in both legs. | ||||
For the child who needs to strengthen a weak or painful leg, a cane makes him use his leg. A crutch lets him avoid using his leg, so the muscles that bend his leg get stronger, rather than the ones that straighten it (see "Precautions in Providing a Child with Aids, Equipment and Procedures".) |
CANES CUT FROM FOREST PLANTS
ADJUSTABLE METAL TUBE CANE
3 OR 4 FOOTED CANE — FOR GREATER STABILITY
Rubber tip made from car tire for metal tube or bamboo crutch or cane
STANDARD CRUTCH AND CANE TIP